🖥️IPv6

➡️This is a command-line reference manual for commands and command combinations that you don’t use often enough to remember it. This cheatsheet explains the IPv6 command with important options and switches using examples.

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Das ISC-DHCP Startscript unter /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server startet bei neueren systemen den Serverdienst. (alt /etc/init.d/dhcpd).

Das Startscript liest dabei die /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server config Datei ein, welch ihrerseits wieder die config files des dhcp selber einlesen (unter /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf)

In der /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server kann z.B. gesagt werden per config line:
INTERFACES="eth1"
DHCPD_CONF=/etc/dhcp/isc-dhcp-server6.conf

Das der DHCP Server auf ein anderes Interface hören soll und eine eigene konfig auslesen soll.

# IPv6 im Zonenfile für die Testzone srv8998.lxu.io angelegt um bind ipv6 für die Zone festzulegen
[email protected]:/var/lib/named/master# vi srv8998.lxu.io.hosts

                        TXT     "929bd6b1960356d8c32199b4eed1e681bf"
ipv6host                AAAA    2005:1204:123:4567:89ab:cdef:1234:5688

###################################################
#[email protected]:/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server 
#!/bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          isc-dhcp-server
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Should-Start:      $local_fs slapd $named
# Should-Stop:       $local_fs slapd
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: DHCP server
# Description:       Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

test -f /usr/sbin/dhcpd || exit 0

DHCPD_DEFAULT="${DHCPD_DEFAULT:-/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server}"

# It is not safe to start if we don't have a default configuration...
if [ ! -f "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" ]; then
	echo "$DHCPD_DEFAULT does not exist! - Aborting..."
	if [ "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" = "/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server" ]; then
		echo "Run 'dpkg-reconfigure isc-dhcp-server' to fix the problem."
	fi
	exit 0
fi

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

# Read init script configuration
[ -f "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" ] && . "$DHCPD_DEFAULT"

NAME4=dhcpd
NAME6=dhcpd6

DESC4="ISC DHCPv4 server"
DESC6="ISC DHCPv6 server"

# use already specified config file or fallback to defaults
DHCPDv4_CONF=${DHCPDv4_CONF:-/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf}
DHCPDv6_CONF=${DHCPDv6_CONF:-/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf}

# try to read pid file name from config file or fallback to defaults
if [ -z "$DHCPDv4_PID" ]; then
	DHCPDv4_PID=$(sed -n -e 's/^[ \t]*pid-file-name[ \t]*"\(.*\)"[ \t]*;.*$/\1/p' < "$DHCPDv4_CONF" 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)
fi
if [ -z "$DHCPDv6_PID" ]; then
	DHCPDv6_PID=$(sed -n -e 's/^[ \t]*dhcpv6-pid-file-name[ \t]*"\(.*\)"[ \t]*;.*$/\1/p' < "$DHCPDv6_CONF" 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)
fi
DHCPDv4_PID="${DHCPDv4_PID:-/var/run/dhcpd.pid}"
DHCPDv6_PID="${DHCPDv6_PID:-/var/run/dhcpd6.pid}"

test_config()
{
	VERSION="$1"
	CONF="$2"

	if ! /usr/sbin/dhcpd -t $VERSION -q -cf "$CONF" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
		echo "dhcpd self-test failed. Please fix $CONF."
		echo "The error was: "
		/usr/sbin/dhcpd -t $VERSION -cf "$CONF"
		exit 1
	fi
}

check_status()
{
        OPTION="$1"
        PIDFILE="$2"
        NAME="$3"

        if [ ! -r "$PIDFILE" ]; then
                test "$OPTION" != -v || echo "$NAME is not running."
		return 3
        fi

        if read pid < "$PIDFILE" && ps -p "$pid" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
		test "$OPTION" != -v || echo "$NAME is running."
		return 0
        else
		test "$OPTION" != -v || echo "$NAME is not running but $PIDFILE exists."
		return 1
        fi
}

start_daemon()
{
	VERSION="$1"
	CONF="$2"
	NAME="$3"
	PIDFILE="$4"
	DESC="$5"

	shift 5
	INTERFACES="$*"

	test_config "$VERSION" "$CONF"
	log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"

	if [ -e "$PIDFILE" ]; then
		log_failure_msg "dhcpd service already running (pid file $PIDFILE currenty exists)"
		exit 1
	fi

	touch /var/lib/dhcp/$NAME.leases

	start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE \
		--exec /usr/sbin/dhcpd -- $VERSION -q -cf $CONF $INTERFACES
	sleep 2

	if check_status -q $PIDFILE $NAME; then
		log_end_msg 0
	else
		log_failure_msg "check syslog for diagnostics."
		log_end_msg 1
		exit 1
	fi
}

stop_daemon()
{
	if check_status -q $DHCPDv4_PID $NAME4; then
		log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC4" "$NAME4"
		start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $DHCPDv4_PID
		log_end_msg $?
		rm -f "$DHCPDv4_PID"
	fi

	if check_status -q $DHCPDv6_PID $NAME6; then
		log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC6" "$NAME6"
		start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $DHCPDv6_PID
		log_end_msg $?
		rm -f "$DHCPDv6_PID"
	fi
}

case "$1" in
	start)
		if test -n "$INTERFACES" -a -z "$INTERFACESv4"; then
                        echo "DHCPv4 interfaces are no longer set by the INTERFACES variable in" >&2
                        echo "/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server.  Please use INTERFACESv4 instead." >&2
                        echo "Migrating automatically for now, but this will go away in the future." >&2
                        INTERFACESv4="$INTERFACES"
		fi
		if test -n "$INTERFACESv4"; then
			echo "Launching IPv4 server only."
			start_daemon "-4" "$DHCPDv4_CONF" "$NAME4" \
				"$DHCPDv4_PID" "$DESC4" "$INTERFACESv4"
		fi
		if test -n "$INTERFACESv6"; then
			echo "Launching IPv6 server only."
			start_daemon "-6" "$DHCPDv6_CONF" "$NAME6" \
				"$DHCPDv6_PID" "$DESC6" "$INTERFACESv6"
		fi
		if test -z "$INTERFACESv4" -a -z "$INTERFACESv6"; then
			echo "Launching both IPv4 and IPv6 servers (please configure INTERFACES in /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server if you only want one or the other)."
			start_daemon "-4" "$DHCPDv4_CONF" "$NAME4" \
				"$DHCPDv4_PID" "$DESC4" ""
			start_daemon "-6" "$DHCPDv6_CONF" "$NAME6" \
				"$DHCPDv6_PID" "$DESC6" ""
		fi
		;;
	stop)
		stop_daemon
		;;
	restart | force-reload)
		$0 stop
		sleep 2
		$0 start
		if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
			exit 1
		fi
		;;
	status)
		if test -n "$INTERFACES" -a -z "$INTERFACESv4"; then
                        INTERFACESv4="$INTERFACES"
		fi
		if test -n "$INTERFACESv4"; then
			echo -n "Status of $DESC4: "
			check_status -v $DHCPDv4_PID $NAME4 || exit $?
		fi
		if test -n "$INTERFACESv6"; then
			echo -n "Status of $DESC6: "
			check_status -v $DHCPDv6_PID $NAME6 || exit $?
		fi
		;;
	*)
		echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
		exit 1
esac

exit 0
###############################################

###############################################
# /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server
# Defaults for isc-dhcp-server initscript
# sourced by /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server
# installed at /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server by the maintainer scripts

#
# This is a POSIX shell fragment
#

# Path to dhcpd's config file (default: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf).
#DHCPD_CONF=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

# Path to dhcpd's PID file (default: /var/run/dhcpd.pid).
#DHCPD_PID=/var/run/dhcpd.pid

# Additional options to start dhcpd with.
#       Don't use options -cf or -pf here; use DHCPD_CONF/ DHCPD_PID instead
#OPTIONS=""

# On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests?
#       Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. "eth0 eth1".
INTERFACES="eth0"
DHCPD_CONF=/etc/dhcpd.conf
DHCPD_PID=/var/lib/dhcp/var/run/dhcpd.pid
###############################################

#==============================##==============================#
# CMD IPV6						       #
#==============================##==============================#

Cheatsheets are an excellent complement to other information sources like Linux man-pages, Linux help, or How-To’s and tutorials, as they provide compact and easily accessible information. While man-pages and detailed tutorials often contain comprehensive explanations and extensive guides, cheatsheets summarize the most important options forthe command IPv6 in a clear format. This allows users to quickly access the needed information for IPv6 without having to sift through lengthy texts. Especially in stressful situations or for recurring tasks, cheatsheets for IPv6 are a valuable resource to work efficiently and purposefully.

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