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▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ꧁ 🔴☠ COMMANDLINE-KUNGFU WITH CHEATSHEETS ☠🔴꧂▅ ▃ ▂ ▁
Red Hat-based package management systems use tools to manage software packages in .rpm format. They are known for their robustness and enterprise-level support. Package management includes handling dependencies, managing software repositories, and maintaining system security and performance. Red Hat-based systems are widely used in enterprise environments for their stability and support.
▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ꧁ 🔴☠ COMMANDLINE-KUNGFU WITH CHEATSHEETS ☠🔴꧂▅ ▃ ▂ ▁
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# ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝╚═╝
# To install the latest version of a package:
dnf install <package name>
# To search package details for the given string
dnf search <string>
# To find which package provides a binary
dnf provides <path to binary>
# The following are available after installing "dnf-plugins-core"
# Download a package
dnf download <package name>
# install the build dependencies for a SRPM or from a .spec file
dnf builddep <srpm/.spec file>
#==============================##==============================#
# CMD dnf #
#==============================##==============================#
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▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ꧁ 🔴☠ COMMANDLINE-KUNGFU WITH CHEATSHEETS ☠🔴꧂▅ ▃ ▂ ▁
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# ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝
# To install a package:
rpm -ivh <rpm>
# To remove a package:
rpm -e <package>
# To remove a package, but not its dependencies
rpm -e --nodeps <package>
# To find what package installs a file:
rpm -qf </path/to/file>
# To find what files are installed by a package:
rpm -ql <package>
rpm -qpl <rpm>
# To find what packages require a package or file:
rpm -q --whatrequires <package>
rpm -q --whatrequires <file>
# To list all installed packages:
rpm -qa
# To find a pkg's dependencies
rpm -i --test <package>
# Display checksum against source
rpm -K <package>
# Verify a package
rpm -V <package>
#==============================#
# CMD rpm Packetverwaltung
#==============================##==============================#
rpm -qa --filesbypkg | grep " /var/log/"
# List all rpm packaged files in /var/log by what rpm they belong to.
rpm -qa | grep -e http -e php -e mariadb | xargs rpm -V
# Quickly check the integrity of the "AMP" stack on rpm based systems.
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME} %{INSTALLTIME:date}\n" | grep "Nov 2015"
# In RPM, determine which packages where installed in Nov 2015.
rpm -qf $( which lspci )
# Pass the output of which (showing path to lspci) into rpm -qf, which tells you the pkg.
rpm -qa --last | head
# Show the last 10 packages installed on an RPM based host.
rpm -qa --last | tail
# Show the last 10 packages installed on an RPM based host.
rpm -qa | grep -e http -e php -e mariadb | xargs rpm -V
# Quickly check the integrity of the "AMP" stack on rpm based systems.
rpm --dbpath=/oldserverbackup/var/lib/rpm -q perl-Date-Manip
# Specify an alternate rpm database path using --dbpath.
rpm -q -p -filesbypkg Myfile.rpm
# List content of rpm file
rpmdir="$(grep "^%_topdir" /usr/lib/rpm/macros | sed -e s#"^.*%{getenv:HOME}"#"${HOME}"#g -e s#"^.*%{_usrsrc}"#"/usr/src"#g)";
# Get the correct RPM Build directory
rpm -qa --queryformat "%-47{NAME} %{PACKAGER}\n"
# Generate list of installed RPM names(left align) and their packager in formated columns.
# Check when package was installed/updated -> Though technically it’s not one of the yum tips but rather a RPM one but none the less, it’s pretty useful & comes handy at times. We can check when a package has been installed or when its was last update by running the following command,
rpm -qa –last
# To know when a particular package has been installed, execute the following command,
rpm -q package_name –last
rpm -qa --last | head
# Show the last 10 packages installed on an RPM based host.
# Print the 16 most recent RPM packages installed in newest to oldest order
rpm -qa --last | head -n 16
rpm -qa --queryformat "%10{SIZE} %{NAME}\n" | grep -Ev "(kernel|glibc|perl$|python-libs$|coreutils|hwdata$|glib2|grub2$|yum$|binutils$)" | sort -rn | head -100
# Show the largest #rpm packages on the system, omitting *some* of the critical ones
#Print the 16 most recent RPM packages installed in newest to oldest order
rpm -qa --last | head -n 16
rpm -qa --queryformat '%{INSTALLTIME} %{name}-%{version}-%{release}\n' | sort -k 1,1 -rn | nl | head -16 | awk '{printf("%3d %s %s\n", $1,strftime("%c",$2),$3)}'
rpm -qa --queryformat '%{INSTALLTIME} %{name}-%{version}-%{release}\n' | sort -k 1,1 -rn | nl | head -16 | awk '{printf("%3d %s %s\n", $1,strftime("%c",$2),$3)}'
# Print the 16 most recent RPM packages installed in newest to oldest order
# Display a list of the 16 most recently installed RPM packages with newest first.
1 Wed 12 Sep 2018 15:41:27 BST google-chrome-stable-69.0.3497.92-1
2 Fri 07 Sep 2018 19:00:03 BST qrencode-3.4.4-3.mga5
3 Fri 07 Sep 2018 19:00:03 BST lib64qrencode3-3.4.4-3.mga5
4 Mon 03 Sep 2018 15:40:12 BST lib64mariadb18-10.0.36-1.mga5
5 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:50 BST thunderbird-en_GB-52.9.1-1.mga5
6 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:50 BST rootcerts-java-20180411.00-1.mga5
7 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:50 BST rootcerts-20180411.00-1.mga5
8 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:49 BST thunderbird-52.9.1-1.mga5
9 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:46 BST nss-3.28.6-1.4.mga5
10 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:46 BST lib64nss3-3.28.6-1.4.mga5
11 Tue 24 Jul 2018 09:31:46 BST lib64nspr4-4.19-1.mga5
12 Sat 21 Jul 2018 18:43:41 BST xclip-0.12-7.mga5
13 Fri 13 Jul 2018 10:39:35 BST lib64pathplan4-2.38.0-10.1.mga5
14 Fri 13 Jul 2018 10:39:35 BST lib64gvc6-2.38.0-10.1.mga5
15 Fri 13 Jul 2018 10:39:35 BST lib64cgraph6-2.38.0-10.1.mga5
16 Fri 13 Jul 2018 10:39:35 BST lib64cdt5-2.38.0-10.1.mga5
rpm -qa | sed 's/^\(.*\)-\([^-]\{1,\}\)-\([^-]\{1,\}\)$/\1 \2 \3/' | sort | column -t
# Extract rpm package name, version and release using some fancy sed regex
# This command could seem pretty pointless especially when you can get the same result more easily using the rpm builtin queryformat, like: rpm -qa --qf "%{NAME} %{VERSION} %{RELEASE}.%{ARCH}\n" | sort | column -t but nonetheless I've learned that sometimes it can be quite interesting trying to explore alternative ways to accomplish the same task (as Perl folks like to say: There's more than one way to do it!) Show Sample Output:
# [root@docker ~]# rpm -qa | sed 's/^\(.*\)-\([^-]\{1,\}\)-\([^-]\{1,\}\)$/\1 \2 \3/' | sort | column -t
# acl 2.2.51 14.el7.x86_64
# aic94xx-firmware 30 6.el7.noarch
# alsa-firmware 1.0.28 2.el7.noarch
# alsa-lib 1.1.6 2.el7.x86_64
# alsa-tools-firmware 1.1.0 1.el7.x86_64
# atop 2.3.0 8.el7.x86_64
# audit 2.8.4 4.el7.x86_64
# audit-libs 2.8.4 4.el7.x86_64
# audit-libs-python 2.8.4 4.el7.x86_64
# authconfig 6.2.8 30.el7.x86_64
# basesystem 10.0 7.el7.centos.noarch
# bash 4.2.46 31.el7.x86_64
# bash-completion 2.1 6.el7.noarch
# bc 1.06.95 13.el7.x86_64
# bind-libs 9.9.4 73.el7_6.x86_64
# bind-libs-lite 9.9.4 73.el7_6.x86_64
# bind-license 9.9.4 73.el7_6.noarch
# bind-utils 9.9.4 73.el7_6.x86_64
# binutils 2.27 34.base.el7.x86_64
# [... snip ...]
rpm -ql coreutils | egrep '\.gz' | xargs -L1 zfgrep -A1 'SH NAME' | sort -u
# Find primes w/ PCRE. - PrimeDay
rpm -qa --last | head
# Show the last 10 packages installed on an RPM based host.
#==============================##==============================#
# CMD RPM #
#==============================##==============================#
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▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ꧁ 🔴☠ COMMANDLINE-KUNGFU WITH CHEATSHEETS ☠🔴꧂▅ ▃ ▂ ▁
# ██████╗ ██████╗ ███╗ ███╗██████╗ ██████╗██████╗ ██╗ ██████╗
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# ██║ ██║██║ ██║ ╚═╝ ██║███████╗╚██████╗██║ ██║╚██████╔╝
# ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚══════╝ ╚═════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═════╝
# List contents of RPM
rpm2cpio foo.rpm | cpio -vt
# Extract contents of RPM
rpm2cpio foo.rpm | cpio -vid
#==============================##==============================#
# CMD RPM2CPIO #
#==============================##==============================#
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▁ ▂ ▃ ▄ ꧁ 🔴☠ COMMANDLINE-KUNGFU WITH CHEATSHEETS ☠🔴꧂▅ ▃ ▂ ▁
# ██╗ ██╗██╗ ██╗███╗ ███╗
# ╚██╗ ██╔╝██║ ██║████╗ ████║
# ╚████╔╝ ██║ ██║██╔████╔██║
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# ██║ ╚██████╔╝██║ ╚═╝ ██║
# ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝
# To install the latest version of a package:
yum install <package name>
# To perform a local install:
yum localinstall <package name>
# To remove a package:
yum remove <package name>
# To search for a package:
yum search <package name>
# To find what package installs a program:
yum whatprovides </path/to/program>
# To find the dependencies of a package:
yum deplist <package name>
# To find information about a package:
yum info <package name>
# List currently enabled repositories:
yum repolist
# List packages containing a certain keyword:
yum list <package_name_or_word_to_search>
# To download the source RPM for a package:
yumdownloader --source <package name>
# (You have to install yumdownloader first, which is installed by the yum-utils package)
#==============================#
# CMD YUM
#==============================##==============================#
yum install package-with-long-name{,-devel}
# Brace expansion quickly appends the devel pacakge as well to your list.
yum install package-with-long-name{,-devel}
# Brace expansion quickly appends the devel pacakge as well to your list.
yum search python | grep ^python
#Search for available python packages through yum, but only show lines for packages starting with python.
yum search php | grep ^php
# Search for available PHP packages through yum, but only show lines for packages starting with php.
# Some pretty useful YUM tips & tricks
#########################################
# Downgrade a package -> You might have come across this issue or might run into someday, where you have upgraded a package that was not meant to be upgraded or you have upgraded a package with good intentions but its causing you some trouble. With YUM , we have option to downgrade a package to the previous version, just open your terminal & execute the following command,
yum downgrade package_name
# Yum shell -> This yum tip is actually known to pretty few. We can actually start a Yum Shell & use it to manage packages. To start the yum shell, open terminal & type Now shell for yum will be started & we can run all the shell command minus the yum at the beginning. For example ‘search package_name’
yum shell
# Install only security updates -> To actually do this, we need to install a plugin called ‘yum-plugin-security’. We don’t need to install this plugin on RHEL 7, as it’s already part of yum. To install the plugin on RHEL 6 , execute the following command,
yum install yum-plugin-security
# Once plugin has bee installed, we can check the list of errates by executing the following command,
yum updateinfo list available
# To check all available security updates, run
yum updateinfo list security all
yum updateinfo list sec
# To install only the errata updates, run
yum update-minimal –security -y
# To download & apply all the security updates, run
yum update –security -y
# Extensive "cleanup" operations following "sudo yum upgrade"
yum upgrade && for pkg in $(package-cleanup --orphans -q); do repoquery $(rpm -q $pkg --queryformat="%{NAME}") | grep -q ".*" && echo $pkg; done | xargs sudo yum -y remove && for pkg in $(package-cleanup --leaves --all -q); do repoquery --groupmember $pkg | grep -q "@" || echo $pkg; done
# Explanation: "sudo yum upgrade" does clean up outdated packages that the current upgrade replaces, but not other outdated packages or the ones that it willfully skips. Yes, that's what "package-cleanup --orphans" will finish, but "orphaned packages" also include packages that are at their latest version but just aren't updated by the repositories (usually a discrete .rpm installation). This one-liner uses "package-cleanup --orphans" but wraps around it to skip packages that aren't in the repositories anyway and just removes outdated packages that have a newer version in the repositories. No, it's not at the end yet. It has a final command to display all packages that do not belong to any group. Choose any of the "manual extension" packages which aren't really necessary and only clog the system.
# Limitations:
# Specific to only rpm and yum
# No, not just yum, it requires the yum-utils package (or whatever else provides package-cleanup and repoquery, if anything)
#==============================##==============================#
# CMD YUM
#==============================##==============================#
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